Part 5, Chapter 3 LABELLING Note 1.- These provisions relate essentially to danger labels. However, additional marks or symbols indicating precautions to be taken in handling or storing a package (e.g. a symbol representing an umbrella indicating that a package should be kept dry) may be displayed on a package as appropriate. For such purposes, it is preferable to use the symbols recommended by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Note 2.- In 3.6 of this Chapter there are provisions concerning the placarding of large freight containers for radioactive material. Note 3.- The provisions concerning the placarding of portable tanks are shown in the Supplement, Part S-4;12.4. 3.1 THE REQUIREMENT TO LABEL 3.1.1 Where articles or substances are specifically listed in the Dangerous Goods List (Table 3-1), a danger class label must be affixed for the hazard shown in column 3 of Table 3-1. A subsidiary hazard label must also be affixed for any hazard indicated by a class or division number in column 4 of Table 3-1. However, special provisions indicated in column 7 may also require a subsidiary hazard label where no subsidiary hazard is indicated in column 4 or may exempt from the requirement for a subsidiary hazard label where such a hazard is indicated in the Dangerous Goods List. 3.1.2 Labels identifying the primary and subsidiary hazards of the dangerous goods must bear the class or division number as required in 3.5.1. 3.1.3 All labels must be able to withstand open weather exposure without a substantial reduction in effectiveness. 3.2 APPLICATION OF LABELS 3.2.1 The labels required to be displayed on packages of dangerous goods are identified in the Dangerous Goods List for articles and substances specifically listed by name and for articles and substances not specifically listed by name which are covered by generic or n.o.s. entries. 3.2.2 Packages containing substances of Class 8 need not show a subsidiary hazard label for Division 6.1 if the toxicity arises solely from the destructive effect on tissue. Substances of Division 4.2 need not show a subsidiary hazard label for Division 4.1 if the substance is also a flammable solid. 3.2.3 Packages containing organic peroxides which meet the criteria for Class 8, Packing Group I or II must be labelledwith a corrosive subsidiary hazard label. Note.- Many liquid organic peroxide formulations are flammable; however, no subsidiary hazard flammable label is required because the organic peroxide label itself is considered to imply that the product may be flammable. 3.2.4 In addition to the primary hazard label (Figure 5-19), infectious substances packages must bear any other label required by the nature of the contents. This is not required if a quantity of 30 ml or less of dangerous goods included in classes 3, 8 or 9 is packed in each primary receptacle containing infectious substances provided these substances meet the requirements of 3;5.1.2. 3.2.5 Packages containing radioactive material having additional hazardous characteristics must also be labelled to indicate those characteristics. 3.2.6 Except when enlarged labels are used in accordance with 3.6, each package, overpack and freight container containing radioactive material must bear the labels conforming to Figures 5-20, 5-21 and 5-22 according to the appropriate category. Labels must be affixed to two opposite sides on the outside of the package or overpack or on the outside of all four sides of a freight container. Each overpack containing radioactive material must bear at least two labels on opposite sides of the outside of the overpack. In addition, each package, overpack and freight container containing fissile material, other than fissile material excepted under the provisions of 2;7.2.3.5 must bear labels conforming to the model shown in Figure 5-23; such labels, where applicable, must be affixed adjacent to the labels conforming to Figure 5-20, 5-21, or 5-22, as applicable. Labels must not cover the marks specified in Chapter 2. Any labels which do not relate to the contents must be removed or covered. 3.2.7 Intermediate bulk containers must comply with the labelling requirements applicable to other packagings, except that intermediate bulk containers of more than 450 L capacity must be labelled on two opposite sides. 3.2.8 Except as provided in 3.5.1.1 b), each class hazard label must: a) be affixed to a background of contrasting colour or must have a dotted or solid line outer boundary; b) be located on the same surface of the package near the proper shipping name mark, if the package dimensions are adequate; c) be so placed on the packaging that they are not covered or obscured by any part of or attachment to the packaging or any other label or mark; d) when primary and subsidiary hazard labels are required, be displayed next to each other; and e) be affixed at an angle of 45° (diamond shaped), unless the package dimensions are inadequate. 3.2.9 Labels must not be folded. Cylindrical packages must be of such dimensions that a label will not overlap itself. In the case of cylindrical packages containing radioactive materials, which require two identical labels, these labels must be centred on opposite points of the circumference and must not overlap each other. If the dimensions of the package are such that two identical labels cannot be affixed without overlapping each other, one label is acceptable provided it does not overlap itself. 3.2.10 Labels must be firmly affixed to or printed on the package of dangerous goods. Where a package is of such an irregular shape that a label cannot be affixed to or printed on a surface, it is acceptable to attach the label to the package by an adequately strong tag. 3.2.11 Since packages or consignments of magnetized material (Class 9) must bear the "Magnetized material" label (Figure 5-27) as required by column 5 of Table 3-1, such packages or consignments do not need to bear the "Miscellaneous dangerous goods" label (Figure 5-25). 3.2.12 In addition to the class hazard labels specified in 3.1, handling labels must also be affixed to packages of dangerous goods as follows: a) the "Cargo aircraft only" label (Figure 5-28) must be affixed: 1) when the package containing the dangerous goods may only be transported on a cargo aircraft. However, where the packing instruction number and the permitted quantity per package are identical for passenger and cargo aircraft, the "Cargo aircraft only" label should not be used; 2) to each Type B(M) package of radioactive material and any freight container containing such a Type B(M) package; 3) on the same surface of the package near the hazard labels; b) when required by the provisions of 4;1.1.13, either the "Package orientation" label (Figure 5-29), or preprinted package orientation labels meeting the same specification as either Figure 5-29 or ISO Standard 780:1997, must be affixed to or printed on at least two opposite vertical sides of the package with the arrows pointing in the correct direction. The words "Dangerous goods" may be inserted on the label below the line; c) for packages containing refrigerated liquefied gases, the "Cryogenic liquid" label (Figure 5-31) must be affixed on all packages; d) for packages containing self-reactive substances of Division 4.1 or Division 5.2 organic peroxides, the "Keep away from heat" label (Figure 5-32) must be affixed on all packages. This label should be affixed on the same surface of the package near the hazard label(s); e) for excepted packages of radioactive material the "Radioactive material, excepted package" handling label (Figure 5-33) must be affixed; f) be affixed to a background of contrasting colour or must have a dashed or solid line outer boundary; g) be so placed on the packaging that they are not covered or obscured by any part of or attachment to the packaging or any other label or mark. 3.2.13 Where a text is indicated in Figures 5-1 to 5-33, an equivalent text in another language may be used. 3.2.14 Labels required by other international or national transport regulations are permitted in addition to labels required by these Instructions, provided that they cannot be confused with or conflict with any label prescribed by these Instructions, because of their colour, design or shape. 3.3 LABELLING OF OVERPACKS 3.3.1 An overpack must be labelled as required for packages by Chapter 3, for each item of dangerous goods contained in the overpack unless labels representative of all dangerous goods in the overpack are visible. 3.3.2 An overpack containing liquid dangerous goods in single packagings with end closures containing liquid dangerous goods must be labelled with either the "Package Orientation" label (Figure 5-29), or pre-printed package orientation labels meeting the same specification as either Figure 5-29 or ISO Standard 780:1997, unless such labels are affixed to the package and are visible from the outside of the overpack. Such labels must be affixed to or printed on at least two opposite vertical sides of the overpack with the arrows pointing in the direction required to indicate the orientation of the overpack required to ensure that end closures are upward, notwithstanding that such single packages may also have side closures. 3.4 PROHIBITED LABELLING Arrows for purposes other than indicating proper package orientation must not be displayed on a package containing liquid dangerous goods. 3.5 LABEL SPECIFICATIONS 3.5.1 Class hazard label specifications 3.5.1.1 Labels must satisfy the provisions of this section and conform, in terms of colour, symbols and general format, tothe specimen labels shown in Figures 5-3 to 5-26. Note.- Where appropriate, labels in Figures 5-4 to 5-26 are shown with a dotted outer boundary as provided for in 3.5.1.1 a). This is not required when the label is applied on a background of contrasting colour. Class hazard labels must conform to the following specifications: a) Labels must be configured as described below (see Figure 5-4). i) Labels must be displayed on a background of contrasting colour, or must have either a dotted or solid outer boundary line. ii) The label must be in the form of a square set at an angle of 45° (diamond shaped). The minimum dimensions must be 100 mm × 100 mm and the minimum width of the line inside the edge forming the diamond must be 2 mm. The line inside the edge must be parallel and 5 mm from the outside of that line to the edge of the label. The line inside the edge on the upper half of the label must be the same colour as the symbol, and the line inside the edge on the lower half of the label must be the same colour as the class or division number in the bottom corner. Where dimensions are not specified, all features must be in approximate proportion to those shown. iii) Labels of 50 mm × 50 mm may be used on packages containing infectious substances where the packages are of dimensions such that they can only bear smaller labels. The line inside the edge must remain 5 mm to the edge of the label. The minimum width of the line inside the edge must remain 2 mm. Dimensions for labels on cylinders must comply with 3.5.1.1 b). b) Cylinders for Class 2 may, on account of their shape, orientation and securing mechanisms for transport, bear labels representative of those specified in this chapter, which have been reduced in size, according to ISO 7225:2005, for display on the non-cylindrical part (shoulder) of such cylinders. Labels may overlap to the extent provided for by ISO 7225:2005 "Gas cylinders - Precautionary labels"; however, in all cases the labels representing the primary hazard and the numbers appearing on any label must remain fully visible and the symbols recognizable. Note.- When the diameter of the cylinder is too small to permit the display of the reduced size labels on the non-cylindrical upper part of the cylinder, the reduced sized labels may be displayed on the cylindrical part. c) With the exception of labels for Divisions 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6 of Class 1, the upper half of the label must contain the pictorial symbol and the lower half must contain the class or, in the case of labels for Class 5, the division number, as appropriate. The lower half of the label must also contain the pictorial symbol on the Class 9 label for lithium cells and batteries (Figure 5-26). The lower half of the label must also contain the pictorial symbol on the Class 9 label for lithium cells and batteries (Figure 5-26),The label may include such text as the UN number, or words describing the hazard class (e.g. "flammable") in accordance with 3.5.1.1 e) provided that the text does not obscure or detract from the other required label elements. d) In addition, except for Divisions 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6, labels for Class 1 must show in the lower half, above the class number, the division number and compatibility group letter for the substance or article. Labels for Divisions 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6 must show in the upper half the division number and in the lower half the class number and the compatibility group letter. e) On labels other than those for material of Class 7, the insertion of any text (other than the class or division number or compatibility group) in the space below the symbol must be confined to particulars indicating the nature of the hazard and precautions to be taken in handling. In the case of the Class 9 label for lithium cells and batteries (Figure 5-26), no text other than the class mark must be included in the bottom part of the label. f) The symbols, texts and numbers must be shown in black on all labels except: 1) the Class 8 label, where the text (if any) and class number must appear in white; 2) labels with entirely green, red or blue backgrounds, where they may be shown in white; 3) the Division 5.2 label, where the symbol may be shown in white; and 4) the Division 2.1 label displayed on cylinders and gas cartridges for liquefied petroleum gases, where they may be shown in the background colour of the receptacle if adequate contrast is provided. g) A label may contain form identification information, including the name of its maker, provided that information is printed outside of the solid line border in no larger than 10-point type. Labelling of radioactive material h) Each label conforming to the applicable Figure 5-20, 5-21 or 5-22 must be completed with the following information: 1) Contents: A) except for LSA-I material, the name(s) of the radionuclide(s) as taken from Table 2-12, using the symbols prescribed therein. For mixtures of radionuclides, the most restrictive nuclides must be listed to the extent the space on the line permits. The group of LSA or SCO must be shown following the name(s) of the radionuclide(s). The terms "LSA-II","LSA-III", "SCO-I" and "SCO-II" must be used for this purpose; B) for LSA-I material, the term "LSA-I" is all that is necessary; the name of the radionuclide is not necessary; 2) Activity: The maximum activity of the radioactive contents during transport expressed in units of becquerels (Bq) with the appropriate SI prefix symbol. For fissile material, the total mass of fissile nuclides in units of grams (g), or multiples thereof, may be used in place of activity; 3) For overpacks and freight containers the "contents" and "activity" entries on the label must bear the information required in 3.5.1.1 h) 1) A) and B), respectively, totalled together for the entire contents of the overpack or freight container except that on labels for overpacks or freight containers containing mixed loads of packages containing different radionuclides, such entries may read "See Transport Documents"; 4) Transport index: The number determined in accordance with 1.2.3.1.1 and 1.2.3.1.2. (No transport index entry is required for category I-WHITE.) i) Each label conforming to Figure 5-23 must be completed with the criticality safety index (CSI) as stated in the certificate of approval applicable in the States through or into which the consignment is transported and issued by the competent authority. j) For overpacks and freight containers, the label conforming to Figure 5-23 must bear the sum of the criticality safety indexes of all the packages contained therein. k) In all cases of international transport of packages requiring competent authority approval of design or shipment, for which different approval types apply in the different countries concerned by the shipment, the labelling must be in accordance with the certificate of the country of origin of design. 3.5.1.2 Illustrations of the class hazard labels, showing the approved symbols and colours, are given in Figures 5-5 to 5-26. The label descriptions used in column 5 of Table 3-1 are indicated in parentheses. Note 1.- The astehazard appearing in the bottom corner of the label indicates the location of the class or division number when the is used to show the primary hazard. See Figures 5-5 to 5-8 concerning the location of information on explosives labels. Note 2.- Minor variations in the design of the symbol on labels or other differences such as the width of vertical lines on labels as shown in these Instructions or in regulations of other modes, which do not affect the obvious meaning of the label, are acceptable. For example the hand shown on the Class 8 label may be shown with or without shading, the extreme right and left vertical lines on the Division 4.1 and Class 9 label may extend to the edge of the label or there may be some white space at the edge, etc. 3.5.2 Handling labels 3.5.2.1 Handling label specifications An illustration of each of the handling labels showing the approved design and colour is given in Figures 5-27 to 5-29 and Figures 5-31 to 5-33. The minimum label dimensions are shown in the figures. Where dimensions or features are not specified, these must be in approximate proportion to those shown; however: a) labels having dimensions not smaller than half of those indicated may be used on packages containing infectious substances when the packages are of dimensions such that they can only bear smaller labels; and b) orientation labels may meet the specification of either Figure 5-29 or ISO Standard 780:1997. 3.6 PLACARDING OF LARGE FREIGHT CONTAINERS CONTAINING RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL 3.6.1 Special provisions for Class 7 3.6.1.1 Large freight containers carrying packages (other than excepted packages) and tanks must bear four placards which conform with Figure 5-30. The placards must be affixed in a vertical orientation to each side wall and each end wall of the large freight container. Any placards which do not relate to the contents must be removed. Instead of using both labels and placards, it is permitted as an alternative to use enlarged labels only, as shown in Figures 5-20, 5-21 and 5-22, and where appropriate Figure 5-23, with dimensions as required for the placard in Figure 5-30. 3.6.1.2 For Class 7, the placard must have minimum overall dimensions of 250 mm by 250 mm with a black line running 5 mm inside the edge and parallel with it, and must be otherwise as shown in Figure 5-30. The number 7 must not be less than 25 mm high. The background colour of the upper half of the placard must be yellow and of the lower half white, the colour of the trefoil and the printing must be black. The use of the word "Radioactive" in the bottom half is optional to allow the use of this placard to display the appropriate United Nations number for the consignment. **** Note to Special Provision A4 and A5: Special Provision A4: Liquids having a vapour inhalation toxicity of Packing Group I are forbidden on both passenger and cargo aircraft. Liquids having a mist inhalation toxicity of Packing Group I are forbidden on a passenger aircraft. They may be carried on cargo aircraft providing they are packed in accordance with the packing instructions for the Packing Group I substance and the maximum net quantity per package does not exceed 5 L, except where the limit specified in column 13 of Table 3-1 is less than 5 L, in which case the limit specified in column 13 applies.. Transport in accordance with this special provision must be noted on the dangerous goods transport document. Special Provision A5: Solids having an inhalation toxicity of Packing Group I are forbidden on passenger aircraft. They may be carried on cargo aircraft providing they are packed in accordance with the packing instruction for the Packing Group I substance and the maximum net quantity per package does not exceed 15 kg. Transport in accordance with this special provision must be noted on the dangerous goods transport document. **** These Special Provisions could forbid the transport of the substance. Perhaps the transport only on cargo aircraft is permitted. In this case the handling label "Cargo Aircraft only" must also be affixed. ****

Part 5, Chapter 2 MARKING 2.1 THE REQUIREMENT TO MARK Unless otherwise provided in these Instructions, packages of dangerous goods and overpacks containing dangerous goods offered for transport by air must be marked as required by this Chapter. 2.2 APPLICATION OF MARKINGS MARKS 2.2.1 All marks must be so placed on the packagings that they are not covered or obscured by any part of or attachment to the packaging or any other label or mark. 2.2.2 All package marks required by 2.1: a) must be durable and printed or otherwise marked on, or affixed to, the external surface of the package; b) must be readily visible and legible; c) must be able to withstand open weather exposure without a substantial reduction in effectiveness; d) must be displayed on a background of contrasting colour; and e) must not be located with other package marks that could substantially reduce their effectiveness. 2.3 PROHIBITED MARKS Arrows for purposes other than indicating proper package orientation must not be displayed on a package containing liquid dangerous goods. 2.4 MARKING SPECIFICATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS 2.4.1 Marking with proper shipping name and UN or ID number 2.4.1.1 Unless otherwise provided in these Instructions, the proper shipping name of the dangerous goods (supplemented with the technical name(s) if appropriate, see Part 3, Chapter 1) and, when assigned, the corresponding UN number preceded by the letters "UN" or "ID", as appropriate, must be displayed on each package. The UN number and the letters "UN" or "ID" must be at least 12 mm high, except for packagings of 30 litres capacity or less or of 30 kg maximum net mass and for cylinders of 60 litres water capacity, when they must be at least 6 mm in height and except for packagings of 5 litres or 5 kg or less when they must be of an appropriate size. In the case of unpackaged articles, the marking must be displayed on the article, on its cradle or on its handling, storage or launching device. A typical package marking would be: "Corrosive liquid, acidic, organic, n.o.s. (caprylyl chloride) UN 3265". 2.4.1.2 For solid substances, unless the word "molten" is already included in the proper shipping name, it must be added to the proper shipping name on the package when a substance is offered for air transport in the molten state (see Part 3, Chapter 1). Note.- Additional descriptive text in the entries in column 1 of the Dangerous Goods List (Table 3-1) are not part of the proper shipping name but may be used in addition to the proper shipping name. 2.4.2 Shipper and consignee identification The name and address of the person who offers the dangerous goods for transport by air and of the consignee must be provided on each package and should be located on the same surface of the package near the proper shipping name mark, if the package dimensions are adequate. 2.4.3 Special marking requirements for explosives The proper shipping name required by 2.4.1 may be supplemented by additional descriptive text to indicate commercial or military names. 2.4.4 Packaging specification marks 2.4.4.1 Each outer or single packaging used for dangerous goods, for which specification packaging is required in Part 4, must bear the marks appropriate to the contents as specified in Part 6, Chapter 2. 2.4.4.2 Marks must be stamped, printed or otherwise marked on the package to provide adequate permanency. 2.4.5 Special marking requirements for radioactive material 2.4.5.1 The marking of excepted packages of radioactive material of Class 7 must be as required by 1.2.4.1. 2.4.5.2 Each package of gross mass exceeding 50 kg must have its permissible gross mass legibly and durably marked on the outside of the packaging. 2.4.5.3 Each package which conforms to: a) a Type IP-1 package, a Type IP-2 package or a Type IP-3 package design must be legibly and durably marked on the outside of the packaging with "TYPE IP-1", "TYPE IP-2" or "TYPE IP-3" as appropriate; b) a Type A package design must be legibly and durably marked on the outside of the packaging with "TYPE A"; c) a Type IP-2 package, a Type IP-3 package or a Type A package design must be legibly and durably marked on the outside of the packaging with the international vehicle registration code (VRI Code) of the country of origin of design and either the name of the manufacturer, or other identification of the packaging specified by the competent authority of the country of origin of design. 2.4.5.4 Each package which conforms to a design approved under one or more of 1.2.2.1, 6;7.21.1 to 6;7.21.4, 6;7.24.2.1 and 6.4.23.4 to 6.4.23.7 of the UN Model Regulations must be legibly and durably marked on the outside of the package with the following information: a) the identification mark allocated to that design by the competent authority; b) a serial number to uniquely identify each packaging which conforms to that design; and c) "Type B(U)", "Type B(M)" or "Type C" in the case of a Type B(U), Type B(M) or Type C package design. Note.- Empty Type B(U) or Type B(M) packages, as specified in the Note to 2;7.2.4.1.1.7, shipped as industrial packages Type IP-1 must bear the appropriate specification marks for a Type IP-1 in which case the appropriate specification marks specified in 2.4.5.4 must be obliterated. 2.4.5.5 Each package which conforms to a Type B(U), Type B(M) or Type C package design must have the outside of the outermost receptacle which is resistant to the effects of fire and water plainly marked by embossing, stamping or other means resistant to the effects of fire and water with the trefoil symbol, as shown in Figure 5-1. 2.4.5.6 In all cases of international transport of packages requiring competent authority approval of design or shipment, for which different approval types apply in the different countries concerned by the shipment, the mark must be in accordance with the certificate of the country of origin of the design. 2.4.6 Special marking requirements for refrigerated liquefied gas The upright position of each package must be indicated prominently by either the "Package orientation" label (Figure 5-29) or pre-printed package orientation labels meeting the same specification as either Figure 5-26 or ISO Standard 780:1997. The label must be affixed to or printed on at least two opposite vertical sides of the package with the arrows pointing in the correct direction. The wording "KEEP UPRIGHT" must be placed at 120° intervals around the package or on each side. Packages must also be clearly marked "DO NOT DROP - HANDLE WITH CARE". 2.4.7 Special marking requirement for dry ice The net mass of solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) must be marked on any package containing such substance. 2.4.8 Special marking requirement for biological substances, Category B Packages containing biological substances, Category B packed in accordance with Packing Instruction 650 must be marked "Biological substance, Category B". 2.4.9 Special marking provisions for environmentally hazardous substances 2.4.9.1 Unless otherwise specified in these Instructions, packages containing environmentally hazardous substances meeting the criteria of 2;9.2.1 a) (UN Nos. 3077 and 3082) must be durably marked with the environmentally hazardous substance mark and the packages must also bear a Class 9 hazard label. 2.4.9.2 The environmentally hazardous substance mark must be located adjacent to the marks required by 2.4.1.1. The requirements of 2.2.2 must be met. 2.4.9.3 The environmentally hazardous substance mark must be as shown in Figure 5-2. The mark must be in the form of a square set at an angle of 45° (diamond-shaped). The symbol (fish and tree) must be black on white or suitable contrasting background. The minimum dimensions must be 100 mm × 100 mm and the minimum width of line forming the diamond must be 2 mm. If the size of the package so requires, the dimensions/line thickness may be reduced, provided the mark remains clearly visible. Where dimensions are not specified, all features must be in approximate proportion to those shown. Note.- The labelling provisions of 5;3 apply in addition to any requirement for packages to bear the environmentally hazardous substance mark. 2.4.10 Marking of overpacks 2.4.10.1 Unless marks and labels representative of all dangerous goods in the overpack are visible, the overpack must be: a) marked with the word "OVERPACK". The lettering of the "OVERPACK" mark must be at least 12 mm high; and b) labelled and marked with the proper shipping name, UN number and other marks, as required for packages in accordance with this chapter and Chapter 3, for each item of dangerous goods contained in the overpack. 2.4.10.2 Labelling of overpacks containing radioactive material must be in accordance with 3.2.6 and 3.5.1.1 h) to i). 2.4.10.3 Packaging specification marks must not be reproduced on the overpack. 2.4.10.4 When packages containing dangerous goods in limited quantities are placed in an overpack, the overpack must also be marked with the limited quantity marking shown in Figure 3-1 unless the marks representative of all dangerous goods in the overpack are visible. The lettering of the "Overpack" mark must be at least 12 mm high. 2.4.11 Additional marks of packages containing dangerous goods in limited quantities Provisions for the marking of packages containing dangerous goods in limited quantities are contained in 3;4. 2.4.12 Specific provisions for dangerous goods packed in excepted quantities Provisions for the marking of packages containing dangerous goods in excepted quantities are contained in 3;5. 2.4.13 Marks required by other modes of transport Marks required by other international or national transport regulations are permitted in addition to marks required by these Instructions, provided that they cannot be confused with or conflict with any marks prescribed by these Instructions, because of their colour, design or shape. 2.4.14 Special marking requirement for chemical oxygen generators When chemical oxygen generators contained in protective breathing equipment (PBE) are being transported under Special Provision A144, the statement "Aircrew protective breathing equipment (smoke hood) in accordance with Special Provision A144" shall be marked adjacent to the proper shipping name on the package. 2.4.15 Marking requirements for IBCs used to transport UN 3077 Intermediate bulk containers must comply with the marking requirements applicable to other packagings, except that intermediate bulk containers of more than 450 L capacity must be marked with the proper shipping name and UN number, as required in 2.4.1, and the environmentally hazardous substance mark, on two opposite sides. 2.4.16 Special marking requirements for lithium batteries 2.4.16.1 Packages containing lithium cells or batteries prepared in accordance with Section II of Packing Instructions 965 to 970 and Section IB of Packing Instructions 965 and 968 must be marked as shown in Figure 5-3. 2.4.16.2 The mark must indicate: a) the appropriate UN number preceded by the letters "UN" as follows: 1) "UN 3090" for lithium metal cells or batteries; 2) "UN 3480" for lithium ion cells or batteries; 3) "UN 3091" for lithium metal cells or batteries contained in, or packed with, equipment; or 4) "UN 3481" for lithium ion cells or batteries contained in, or packed with, equipment; Where a package contains lithium cells or batteries assigned to different UN numbers, all applicable UN numbers must be indicated on one or more marks. b) a telephone number for additional information. 2.4.16.3 The mark must be in the form of a rectangle with hatched edging. The symbol (group of batteries, one damaged and emitting flame, above the UN number for lithium ion or lithium metal batteries or cells) must be black on white. The hatching must be red. The mark must be a minimum dimension of 120 mm wide × 110 mm high and the minimum width of the hatching must be 5 mm. If the size of the package so requires, the dimensions/line thickness may be reduced to not less than 105 mm wide × 74 mm high. Where dimensions are not specified, all features must be in approximate proportion to those shown on the full-size mark (Figure 5-3). 2.4.16.4 Packages containing lithium batteries that meet the requirements of Section IB of Packing Instructions 965 or 968 must bear both the lithium battery mark (Figure 5-3) and the lithium battery Class 9 hazard label (Figure 5-26). 2.5 LANGUAGES TO BE USED In addition to the languages which may be required by the State of Origin, English should be used.

Part 5, Chapter 3 LABELLING Note 1.- These provisions relate essentially to danger labels. However, additional marks or symbols indicating precautions to be taken in handling or storing a package (e.g. a symbol representing an umbrella indicating that a package should be kept dry) may be displayed on a package as appropriate. For such purposes, it is preferable to use the symbols recommended by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Note 2.- In 3.6 of this Chapter there are provisions concerning the placarding of large freight containers for radioactive material. Note 3.- The provisions concerning the placarding of portable tanks are shown in the Supplement, Part S-4;12.4. 3.1 THE REQUIREMENT TO LABEL 3.1.1 Where articles or substances are specifically listed in the Dangerous Goods List (Table 3-1), a danger class label must be affixed for the hazard shown in column 3 of Table 3-1. A subsidiary hazard label must also be affixed for any hazard indicated by a class or division number in column 4 of Table 3-1. However, special provisions indicated in column 7 may also require a subsidiary hazard label where no subsidiary hazard is indicated in column 4 or may exempt from the requirement for a subsidiary hazard label where such a hazard is indicated in the Dangerous Goods List. 3.1.2 Labels identifying the primary and subsidiary hazards of the dangerous goods must bear the class or division number as required in 3.5.1. 3.1.3 All labels must be able to withstand open weather exposure without a substantial reduction in effectiveness. 3.2 APPLICATION OF LABELS 3.2.1 The labels required to be displayed on packages of dangerous goods are identified in the Dangerous Goods List for articles and substances specifically listed by name and for articles and substances not specifically listed by name which are covered by generic or n.o.s. entries. ... 3.2.7 Intermediate bulk containers must comply with the labelling requirements applicable to other packagings, except that intermediate bulk containers of more than 450 L capacity must be labelled on two opposite sides. 3.2.8 Except as provided in 3.5.1.1 b), each class hazard label must: a) be affixed to a background of contrasting colour or must have a dotted or solid line outer boundary; b) be located on the same surface of the package near the proper shipping name mark, if the package dimensions are adequate; c) be so placed on the packaging that they are not covered or obscured by any part of or attachment to the packaging or any other label or mark; d) when primary and subsidiary hazard labels are required, be displayed next to each other; and e) be affixed at an angle of 45° (diamond shaped), unless the package dimensions are inadequate. 3.2.9 Labels must not be folded. Cylindrical packages must be of such dimensions that a label will not overlap itself. In the case of cylindrical packages containing radioactive materials, which require two identical labels, these labels must be centred on opposite points of the circumference and must not overlap each other. If the dimensions of the package are such that two identical labels cannot be affixed without overlapping each other, one label is acceptable provided it does not overlap itself. 3.2.10 Labels must be firmly affixed to or printed on the package of dangerous goods. Where a package is of such an irregular shape that a label cannot be affixed to or printed on a surface, it is acceptable to attach the label to the package by an adequately strong tag. ... 3.2.12 In addition to the class hazard labels specified in 3.1, handling labels must also be affixed to packages of dangerous goods as follows: a) the "Cargo aircraft only" label (Figure 5-28) must be affixed: 1) when the package containing the dangerous goods may only be transported on a cargo aircraft. However, where the packing instruction number and the permitted quantity per package are identical for passenger and cargo aircraft, the "Cargo aircraft only" label should not be used; 2) to each Type B(M) package of radioactive material and any freight container containing such a Type B(M) package; 3) on the same surface of the package near the hazard labels; b) when required by the provisions of 4;1.1.13, either the "Package orientation" label (Figure 5-29), or preprinted package orientation labels meeting the same specification as either Figure 5-29 or ISO Standard 780:1997, must be affixed to or printed on at least two opposite vertical sides of the package with the arrows pointing in the correct direction. The words "Dangerous goods" may be inserted on the label below the line; c) for packages containing refrigerated liquefied gases, the "Cryogenic liquid" label (Figure 5-31) must be affixed on all packages; d) for packages containing self-reactive substances of Division 4.1 or Division 5.2 organic peroxides, the "Keep away from heat" label (Figure 5-32) must be affixed on all packages. This label should be affixed on the same surface of the package near the hazard label(s); e) for excepted packages of radioactive material the "Radioactive material, excepted package" handling label (Figure 5-33) must be affixed; f) be affixed to a background of contrasting colour or must have a dashed or solid line outer boundary; g) be so placed on the packaging that they are not covered or obscured by any part of or attachment to the packaging or any other label or mark. 3.2.13 Where a text is indicated in Figures 5-1 to 5-33, an equivalent text in another language may be used. 3.2.14 Labels required by other international or national transport regulations are permitted in addition to labels required by these Instructions, provided that they cannot be confused with or conflict with any label prescribed by these Instructions, because of their colour, design or shape. 3.3 LABELLING OF OVERPACKS 3.3.1 An overpack must be labelled as required for packages by Chapter 3, for each item of dangerous goods contained in the overpack unless labels representative of all dangerous goods in the overpack are visible. 3.3.2 An overpack containing liquid dangerous goods in single packagings with end closures containing liquid dangerous goods must be labelled with either the "Package Orientation" label (Figure 5-29), or pre-printed package orientation labels meeting the same specification as either Figure 5-29 or ISO Standard 780:1997, unless such labels are affixed to the package and are visible from the outside of the overpack. Such labels must be affixed to or printed on at least two opposite vertical sides of the overpack with the arrows pointing in the direction required to indicate the orientation of the overpack required to ensure that end closures are upward, notwithstanding that such single packages may also have side closures. 3.4 PROHIBITED LABELLING Arrows for purposes other than indicating proper package orientation must not be displayed on a package containing liquid dangerous goods. 3.5 LABEL SPECIFICATIONS 3.5.1 Class hazard label specifications 3.5.1.1 Labels must satisfy the provisions of this section and conform, in terms of colour, symbols and general format, tothe specimen labels shown in Figures 5-3 to 5-26. Note.- Where appropriate, labels in Figures 5-4 to 5-26 are shown with a dotted outer boundary as provided for in 3.5.1.1 a). This is not required when the label is applied on a background of contrasting colour. Class hazard labels must conform to the following specifications: a) Labels must be configured as described below (see Figure 5-4). i) Labels must be displayed on a background of contrasting colour, or must have either a dotted or solid outer boundary line. ii) The label must be in the form of a square set at an angle of 45° (diamond shaped). The minimum dimensions must be 100 mm × 100 mm and the minimum width of the line inside the edge forming the diamond must be 2 mm. The line inside the edge must be parallel and 5 mm from the outside of that line to the edge of the label. The line inside the edge on the upper half of the label must be the same colour as the symbol, and the line inside the edge on the lower half of the label must be the same colour as the class or division number in the bottom corner. Where dimensions are not specified, all features must be in approximate proportion to those shown. iii) Labels of 50 mm × 50 mm may be used on packages containing infectious substances where the packages are of dimensions such that they can only bear smaller labels. The line inside the edge must remain 5 mm to the edge of the label. The minimum width of the line inside the edge must remain 2 mm. Dimensions for labels on cylinders must comply with 3.5.1.1 b). ... g) A label may contain form identification information, including the name of its maker, provided that information is printed outside of the solid line border in no larger than 10-point type. ... k) In all cases of international transport of packages requiring competent authority approval of design or shipment, for which different approval types apply in the different countries concerned by the shipment, the labelling must be in accordance with the certificate of the country of origin of design. 3.5.1.2 Illustrations of the class hazard labels, showing the approved symbols and colours, are given in Figures 5-5 to 5-26. The label descriptions used in column 5 of Table 3-1 are indicated in parentheses. Note 2.- Minor variations in the design of the symbol on labels or other differences such as the width of vertical lines on labels as shown in these Instructions or in regulations of other modes, which do not affect the obvious meaning of the label, are acceptable. For example the hand shown on the Class 8 label may be shown with or without shading, the extreme right and left vertical lines on the Division 4.1 and Class 9 label may extend to the edge of the label or there may be some white space at the edge, etc. 3.5.2 Handling labels 3.5.2.1 Handling label specifications An illustration of each of the handling labels showing the approved design and colour is given in Figures 5-27 to 5-29 and Figures 5-31 to 5-33. The minimum label dimensions are shown in the figures. Where dimensions or features are not specified, these must be in approximate proportion to those shown; however: a) labels having dimensions not smaller than half of those indicated may be used on packages containing infectious substances when the packages are of dimensions such that they can only bear smaller labels; and b) orientation labels may meet the specification of either Figure 5-29 or ISO Standard 780:1997.

Part 5, Chapter 2 MARKING 2.1 THE REQUIREMENT TO MARK Unless otherwise provided in these Instructions, packages of dangerous goods and overpacks containing dangerous goods offered for transport by air must be marked as required by this Chapter. 2.2 APPLICATION OF MARKINGS MARKS 2.2.1 All marks must be so placed on the packagings that they are not covered or obscured by any part of or attachment to the packaging or any other label or mark. 2.2.2 All package marks required by 2.1: a) must be durable and printed or otherwise marked on, or affixed to, the external surface of the package; b) must be readily visible and legible; c) must be able to withstand open weather exposure without a substantial reduction in effectiveness; d) must be displayed on a background of contrasting colour; and e) must not be located with other package marks that could substantially reduce their effectiveness. 2.3 PROHIBITED MARKS Arrows for purposes other than indicating proper package orientation must not be displayed on a package containing liquid dangerous goods. 2.4 MARKING SPECIFICATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS 2.4.1 Marking with proper shipping name and UN or ID number 2.4.1.1 Unless otherwise provided in these Instructions, the proper shipping name of the dangerous goods (supplemented with the technical name(s) if appropriate, see Part 3, Chapter 1) and, when assigned, the corresponding UN number preceded by the letters "UN" or "ID", as appropriate, must be displayed on each package. The UN number and the letters "UN" or "ID" must be at least 12 mm high, except for packagings of 30 litres capacity or less or of 30 kg maximum net mass and for cylinders of 60 litres water capacity, when they must be at least 6 mm in height and except for packagings of 5 litres or 5 kg or less when they must be of an appropriate size. In the case of unpackaged articles, the marking must be displayed on the article, on its cradle or on its handling, storage or launching device. A typical package marking would be: "Corrosive liquid, acidic, organic, n.o.s. (caprylyl chloride) UN 3265". 2.4.1.2 For solid substances, unless the word "molten" is already included in the proper shipping name, it must be added to the proper shipping name on the package when a substance is offered for air transport in the molten state (see Part 3, Chapter 1). Note.- Additional descriptive text in the entries in column 1 of the Dangerous Goods List (Table 3-1) are not part of the proper shipping name but may be used in addition to the proper shipping name. 2.4.2 Shipper and consignee identification The name and address of the person who offers the dangerous goods for transport by air and of the consignee must be provided on each package and should be located on the same surface of the package near the proper shipping name mark, if the package dimensions are adequate. 2.4.3 Special marking requirements for explosives The proper shipping name required by 2.4.1 may be supplemented by additional descriptive text to indicate commercial or military names. 2.4.4 Packaging specification marks 2.4.4.1 Each outer or single packaging used for dangerous goods, for which specification packaging is required in Part 4, must bear the marks appropriate to the contents as specified in Part 6, Chapter 2. 2.4.4.2 Marks must be stamped, printed or otherwise marked on the package to provide adequate permanency. 2.4.5 Special marking requirements for radioactive material 2.4.5.1 The marking of excepted packages of radioactive material of Class 7 must be as required by 1.2.4.1. 2.4.5.2 Each package of gross mass exceeding 50 kg must have its permissible gross mass legibly and durably marked on the outside of the packaging. 2.4.5.3 Each package which conforms to: a) a Type IP-1 package, a Type IP-2 package or a Type IP-3 package design must be legibly and durably marked on the outside of the packaging with "TYPE IP-1", "TYPE IP-2" or "TYPE IP-3" as appropriate; b) a Type A package design must be legibly and durably marked on the outside of the packaging with "TYPE A"; c) a Type IP-2 package, a Type IP-3 package or a Type A package design must be legibly and durably marked on the outside of the packaging with the international vehicle registration code (VRI Code) of the country of origin of design and either the name of the manufacturer, or other identification of the packaging specified by the competent authority of the country of origin of design. 2.4.5.4 Each package which conforms to a design approved under one or more of 1.2.2.1, 6;7.21.1 to 6;7.21.4, 6;7.24.2.1 and 6.4.23.4 to 6.4.23.7 of the UN Model Regulations must be legibly and durably marked on the outside of the package with the following information: a) the identification mark allocated to that design by the competent authority; b) a serial number to uniquely identify each packaging which conforms to that design; and c) "Type B(U)", "Type B(M)" or "Type C" in the case of a Type B(U), Type B(M) or Type C package design. Note.- Empty Type B(U) or Type B(M) packages, as specified in the Note to 2;7.2.4.1.1.7, shipped as industrial packages Type IP-1 must bear the appropriate specification marks for a Type IP-1 in which case the appropriate specification marks specified in 2.4.5.4 must be obliterated. 2.4.5.5 Each package which conforms to a Type B(U), Type B(M) or Type C package design must have the outside of the outermost receptacle which is resistant to the effects of fire and water plainly marked by embossing, stamping or other means resistant to the effects of fire and water with the trefoil symbol, as shown in Figure 5-1. 2.4.5.6 In all cases of international transport of packages requiring competent authority approval of design or shipment, for which different approval types apply in the different countries concerned by the shipment, the mark must be in accordance with the certificate of the country of origin of the design. 2.4.6 Special marking requirements for refrigerated liquefied gas The upright position of each package must be indicated prominently by either the "Package orientation" label (Figure 5-29) or pre-printed package orientation labels meeting the same specification as either Figure 5-26 or ISO Standard 780:1997. The label must be affixed to or printed on at least two opposite vertical sides of the package with the arrows pointing in the correct direction. The wording "KEEP UPRIGHT" must be placed at 120° intervals around the package or on each side. Packages must also be clearly marked "DO NOT DROP - HANDLE WITH CARE". 2.4.7 Special marking requirement for dry ice The net mass of solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) must be marked on any package containing such substance. 2.4.8 Special marking requirement for biological substances, Category B Packages containing biological substances, Category B packed in accordance with Packing Instruction 650 must be marked "Biological substance, Category B". 2.4.9 Special marking provisions for environmentally hazardous substances 2.4.9.1 Unless otherwise specified in these Instructions, packages containing environmentally hazardous substances meeting the criteria of 2;9.2.1 a) (UN Nos. 3077 and 3082) must be durably marked with the environmentally hazardous substance mark and the packages must also bear a Class 9 hazard label. 2.4.9.2 The environmentally hazardous substance mark must be located adjacent to the marks required by 2.4.1.1. The requirements of 2.2.2 must be met. 2.4.9.3 The environmentally hazardous substance mark must be as shown in Figure 5-2. The mark must be in the form of a square set at an angle of 45° (diamond-shaped). The symbol (fish and tree) must be black on white or suitable contrasting background. The minimum dimensions must be 100 mm × 100 mm and the minimum width of line forming the diamond must be 2 mm. If the size of the package so requires, the dimensions/line thickness may be reduced, provided the mark remains clearly visible. Where dimensions are not specified, all features must be in approximate proportion to those shown. Note.- The labelling provisions of 5;3 apply in addition to any requirement for packages to bear the environmentally hazardous substance mark. 2.4.10 Marking of overpacks 2.4.10.1 Unless marks and labels representative of all dangerous goods in the overpack are visible, the overpack must be: a) marked with the word "OVERPACK". The lettering of the "OVERPACK" mark must be at least 12 mm high; and b) labelled and marked with the proper shipping name, UN number and other marks, as required for packages in accordance with this chapter and Chapter 3, for each item of dangerous goods contained in the overpack. 2.4.10.2 Labelling of overpacks containing radioactive material must be in accordance with 3.2.6 and 3.5.1.1 h) to i). 2.4.10.3 Packaging specification marks must not be reproduced on the overpack. 2.4.10.4 When packages containing dangerous goods in limited quantities are placed in an overpack, the overpack must also be marked with the limited quantity marking shown in Figure 3-1 unless the marks representative of all dangerous goods in the overpack are visible. The lettering of the "Overpack" mark must be at least 12 mm high. 2.4.11 Additional marks of packages containing dangerous goods in limited quantities Provisions for the marking of packages containing dangerous goods in limited quantities are contained in 3;4. 2.4.12 Specific provisions for dangerous goods packed in excepted quantities Provisions for the marking of packages containing dangerous goods in excepted quantities are contained in 3;5. 2.4.13 Marks required by other modes of transport Marks required by other international or national transport regulations are permitted in addition to marks required by these Instructions, provided that they cannot be confused with or conflict with any marks prescribed by these Instructions, because of their colour, design or shape. 2.4.14 Special marking requirement for chemical oxygen generators When chemical oxygen generators contained in protective breathing equipment (PBE) are being transported under Special Provision A144, the statement "Aircrew protective breathing equipment (smoke hood) in accordance with Special Provision A144" shall be marked adjacent to the proper shipping name on the package. 2.4.15 Marking requirements for IBCs used to transport UN 3077 Intermediate bulk containers must comply with the marking requirements applicable to other packagings, except that intermediate bulk containers of more than 450 L capacity must be marked with the proper shipping name and UN number, as required in 2.4.1, and the environmentally hazardous substance mark, on two opposite sides. 2.4.16 Special marking requirements for lithium batteries 2.4.16.1 Packages containing lithium cells or batteries prepared in accordance with Section II of Packing Instructions 965 to 970 and Section IB of Packing Instructions 965 and 968 must be marked as shown in Figure 5-3. 2.4.16.2 The mark must indicate: a) the appropriate UN number preceded by the letters "UN" as follows: 1) "UN 3090" for lithium metal cells or batteries; 2) "UN 3480" for lithium ion cells or batteries; 3) "UN 3091" for lithium metal cells or batteries contained in, or packed with, equipment; or 4) "UN 3481" for lithium ion cells or batteries contained in, or packed with, equipment; Where a package contains lithium cells or batteries assigned to different UN numbers, all applicable UN numbers must be indicated on one or more marks. b) a telephone number for additional information. 2.4.16.3 The mark must be in the form of a rectangle with hatched edging. The symbol (group of batteries, one damaged and emitting flame, above the UN number for lithium ion or lithium metal batteries or cells) must be black on white. The hatching must be red. The mark must be a minimum dimension of 120 mm wide × 110 mm high and the minimum width of the hatching must be 5 mm. If the size of the package so requires, the dimensions/line thickness may be reduced to not less than 105 mm wide × 74 mm high. Where dimensions are not specified, all features must be in approximate proportion to those shown on the full-size mark (Figure 5-3). 2.4.16.4 Packages containing lithium batteries that meet the requirements of Section IB of Packing Instructions 965 or 968 must bear both the lithium battery mark (Figure 5-3) and the lithium battery Class 9 hazard label (Figure 5-26). 2.5 LANGUAGES TO BE USED In addition to the languages which may be required by the State of Origin, English should be used.

The carriage of dangerous goods in large packagings is forbidden by ICAO TI. In some cases a transport of dangerous goods in large packagings is permitted with approval of the appropriate authority of the State of Origin an the State of the Operator according to the Supplement of the ICAO TI Part S4 Chapter 13. In this case the "Cargo aircraft only" label (Figure 5-28) is required.

Part 5, Chapter 2 MARKING 2.1 THE REQUIREMENT TO MARK Unless otherwise provided in these Instructions, packages of dangerous goods and overpacks containing dangerous goods offered for transport by air must be marked as required by this Chapter. 2.2 APPLICATION OF MARKINGS MARKS 2.2.1 All marks must be so placed on the packagings that they are not covered or obscured by any part of or attachment to the packaging or any other label or mark. 2.2.2 All package marks required by 2.1: a) must be durable and printed or otherwise marked on, or affixed to, the external surface of the package; b) must be readily visible and legible; c) must be able to withstand open weather exposure without a substantial reduction in effectiveness; d) must be displayed on a background of contrasting colour; and e) must not be located with other package marks that could substantially reduce their effectiveness. 2.3 PROHIBITED MARKS Arrows for purposes other than indicating proper package orientation must not be displayed on a package containing liquid dangerous goods. 2.4 MARKING SPECIFICATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS 2.4.1 Marking with proper shipping name and UN or ID number 2.4.1.1 Unless otherwise provided in these Instructions, the proper shipping name of the dangerous goods (supplemented with the technical name(s) if appropriate, see Part 3, Chapter 1) and, when assigned, the corresponding UN number preceded by the letters "UN" or "ID", as appropriate, must be displayed on each package. The UN number and the letters "UN" or "ID" must be at least 12 mm high, except for packagings of 30 litres capacity or less or of 30 kg maximum net mass and for cylinders of 60 litres water capacity, when they must be at least 6 mm in height and except for packagings of 5 litres or 5 kg or less when they must be of an appropriate size. In the case of unpackaged articles, the marking must be displayed on the article, on its cradle or on its handling, storage or launching device. A typical package marking would be: "Corrosive liquid, acidic, organic, n.o.s. (caprylyl chloride) UN 3265". 2.4.1.2 For solid substances, unless the word "molten" is already included in the proper shipping name, it must be added to the proper shipping name on the package when a substance is offered for air transport in the molten state (see Part 3, Chapter 1). Note.- Additional descriptive text in the entries in column 1 of the Dangerous Goods List (Table 3-1) are not part of the proper shipping name but may be used in addition to the proper shipping name. 2.4.2 Shipper and consignee identification The name and address of the person who offers the dangerous goods for transport by air and of the consignee must be provided on each package and should be located on the same surface of the package near the proper shipping name mark, if the package dimensions are adequate. 2.4.3 Special marking requirements for explosives The proper shipping name required by 2.4.1 may be supplemented by additional descriptive text to indicate commercial or military names. 2.4.4 Packaging specification marks 2.4.4.1 Each outer or single packaging used for dangerous goods, for which specification packaging is required in Part 4, must bear the marks appropriate to the contents as specified in Part 6, Chapter 2. 2.4.4.2 Marks must be stamped, printed or otherwise marked on the package to provide adequate permanency. 2.4.5 Special marking requirements for radioactive material 2.4.5.1 The marking of excepted packages of radioactive material of Class 7 must be as required by 1.2.4.1. 2.4.5.2 Each package of gross mass exceeding 50 kg must have its permissible gross mass legibly and durably marked on the outside of the packaging. 2.4.5.3 Each package which conforms to: a) a Type IP-1 package, a Type IP-2 package or a Type IP-3 package design must be legibly and durably marked on the outside of the packaging with "TYPE IP-1", "TYPE IP-2" or "TYPE IP-3" as appropriate; b) a Type A package design must be legibly and durably marked on the outside of the packaging with "TYPE A"; c) a Type IP-2 package, a Type IP-3 package or a Type A package design must be legibly and durably marked on the outside of the packaging with the international vehicle registration code (VRI Code) of the country of origin of design and either the name of the manufacturer, or other identification of the packaging specified by the competent authority of the country of origin of design. 2.4.5.4 Each package which conforms to a design approved under one or more of 1.2.2.1, 6;7.21.1 to 6;7.21.4, 6;7.24.2.1 and 6.4.23.4 to 6.4.23.7 of the UN Model Regulations must be legibly and durably marked on the outside of the package with the following information: a) the identification mark allocated to that design by the competent authority; b) a serial number to uniquely identify each packaging which conforms to that design; and c) "Type B(U)", "Type B(M)" or "Type C" in the case of a Type B(U), Type B(M) or Type C package design. Note.- Empty Type B(U) or Type B(M) packages, as specified in the Note to 2;7.2.4.1.1.7, shipped as industrial packages Type IP-1 must bear the appropriate specification marks for a Type IP-1 in which case the appropriate specification marks specified in 2.4.5.4 must be obliterated. 2.4.5.5 Each package which conforms to a Type B(U), Type B(M) or Type C package design must have the outside of the outermost receptacle which is resistant to the effects of fire and water plainly marked by embossing, stamping or other means resistant to the effects of fire and water with the trefoil symbol, as shown in Figure 5-1. 2.4.5.6 In all cases of international transport of packages requiring competent authority approval of design or shipment, for which different approval types apply in the different countries concerned by the shipment, the mark must be in accordance with the certificate of the country of origin of the design. 2.4.6 Special marking requirements for refrigerated liquefied gas The upright position of each package must be indicated prominently by either the "Package orientation" label (Figure 5-29) or pre-printed package orientation labels meeting the same specification as either Figure 5-26 or ISO Standard 780:1997. The label must be affixed to or printed on at least two opposite vertical sides of the package with the arrows pointing in the correct direction. The wording "KEEP UPRIGHT" must be placed at 120° intervals around the package or on each side. Packages must also be clearly marked "DO NOT DROP - HANDLE WITH CARE". 2.4.7 Special marking requirement for dry ice The net mass of solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) must be marked on any package containing such substance. 2.4.8 Special marking requirement for biological substances, Category B Packages containing biological substances, Category B packed in accordance with Packing Instruction 650 must be marked "Biological substance, Category B". 2.4.9 Special marking provisions for environmentally hazardous substances 2.4.9.1 Unless otherwise specified in these Instructions, packages containing environmentally hazardous substances meeting the criteria of 2;9.2.1 a) (UN Nos. 3077 and 3082) must be durably marked with the environmentally hazardous substance mark and the packages must also bear a Class 9 hazard label. 2.4.9.2 The environmentally hazardous substance mark must be located adjacent to the marks required by 2.4.1.1. The requirements of 2.2.2 must be met. 2.4.9.3 The environmentally hazardous substance mark must be as shown in Figure 5-2. The mark must be in the form of a square set at an angle of 45° (diamond-shaped). The symbol (fish and tree) must be black on white or suitable contrasting background. The minimum dimensions must be 100 mm × 100 mm and the minimum width of line forming the diamond must be 2 mm. If the size of the package so requires, the dimensions/line thickness may be reduced, provided the mark remains clearly visible. Where dimensions are not specified, all features must be in approximate proportion to those shown. Note.- The labelling provisions of 5;3 apply in addition to any requirement for packages to bear the environmentally hazardous substance mark. 2.4.10 Marking of overpacks 2.4.10.1 Unless marks and labels representative of all dangerous goods in the overpack are visible, the overpack must be: a) marked with the word "OVERPACK". The lettering of the "OVERPACK" mark must be at least 12 mm high; and b) labelled and marked with the proper shipping name, UN number and other marks, as required for packages in accordance with this chapter and Chapter 3, for each item of dangerous goods contained in the overpack. 2.4.10.2 Labelling of overpacks containing radioactive material must be in accordance with 3.2.6 and 3.5.1.1 h) to i). 2.4.10.3 Packaging specification marks must not be reproduced on the overpack. 2.4.10.4 When packages containing dangerous goods in limited quantities are placed in an overpack, the overpack must also be marked with the limited quantity marking shown in Figure 3-1 unless the marks representative of all dangerous goods in the overpack are visible. The lettering of the "Overpack" mark must be at least 12 mm high. 2.4.11 Additional marks of packages containing dangerous goods in limited quantities Provisions for the marking of packages containing dangerous goods in limited quantities are contained in 3;4. 2.4.12 Specific provisions for dangerous goods packed in excepted quantities Provisions for the marking of packages containing dangerous goods in excepted quantities are contained in 3;5. 2.4.13 Marks required by other modes of transport Marks required by other international or national transport regulations are permitted in addition to marks required by these Instructions, provided that they cannot be confused with or conflict with any marks prescribed by these Instructions, because of their colour, design or shape. 2.4.14 Special marking requirement for chemical oxygen generators When chemical oxygen generators contained in protective breathing equipment (PBE) are being transported under Special Provision A144, the statement "Aircrew protective breathing equipment (smoke hood) in accordance with Special Provision A144" shall be marked adjacent to the proper shipping name on the package. 2.4.15 Marking requirements for IBCs used to transport UN 3077 Intermediate bulk containers must comply with the marking requirements applicable to other packagings, except that intermediate bulk containers of more than 450 L capacity must be marked with the proper shipping name and UN number, as required in 2.4.1, and the environmentally hazardous substance mark, on two opposite sides. 2.4.16 Special marking requirements for lithium batteries 2.4.16.1 Packages containing lithium cells or batteries prepared in accordance with Section II of Packing Instructions 965 to 970 and Section IB of Packing Instructions 965 and 968 must be marked as shown in Figure 5-3. 2.4.16.2 The mark must indicate: a) the appropriate UN number preceded by the letters "UN" as follows: 1) "UN 3090" for lithium metal cells or batteries; 2) "UN 3480" for lithium ion cells or batteries; 3) "UN 3091" for lithium metal cells or batteries contained in, or packed with, equipment; or 4) "UN 3481" for lithium ion cells or batteries contained in, or packed with, equipment; Where a package contains lithium cells or batteries assigned to different UN numbers, all applicable UN numbers must be indicated on one or more marks. b) a telephone number for additional information. 2.4.16.3 The mark must be in the form of a rectangle with hatched edging. The symbol (group of batteries, one damaged and emitting flame, above the UN number for lithium ion or lithium metal batteries or cells) must be black on white. The hatching must be red. The mark must be a minimum dimension of 120 mm wide × 110 mm high and the minimum width of the hatching must be 5 mm. If the size of the package so requires, the dimensions/line thickness may be reduced to not less than 105 mm wide × 74 mm high. Where dimensions are not specified, all features must be in approximate proportion to those shown on the full-size mark (Figure 5-3). 2.4.16.4 Packages containing lithium batteries that meet the requirements of Section IB of Packing Instructions 965 or 968 must bear both the lithium battery mark (Figure 5-3) and the lithium battery Class 9 hazard label (Figure 5-26). 2.5 LANGUAGES TO BE USED In addition to the languages which may be required by the State of Origin, English should be used.

Freight Containers and Unit Load Devices 7;1.4 ACCEPTANCE OF FREIGHT CONTAINERS AND UNIT LOAD DEVICES 1.4.1 An operator must not accept from a shipper a freight container or a unit load device containing dangerous goods other than: a) a freight container for radioactive material (see 6;7.1); b) a unit load device containing consumer commodities prepared according to Packing Instruction Y963; c) a unit load device containing dry ice used as a refrigerant for other than dangerous goods prepared according to Packing Instruction 954 provided that the unit load device does not contain dangerous goods other than UN 3373, Biological substance, Category B or ID 8000, Consumer commodity or goods not subject to these Instructions; or d) a unit load device containing magnetized material. 1.4.2 When an operator accepts a unit load device containing consumer commodities or dry ice as permitted by 1.4.1, the operator must attach an identification tag as required by 2.8.1 to the unit load device. 7;2.8 IDENTIFICATION OF UNIT LOAD DEVICES CONTAINING DANGEROUS GOODS 2.8.1 Each unit load device containing dangerous goods which require a class hazard label must display an identification tag on its exterior indicating that dangerous goods are contained within the unit load device, unless those hazard class labels are themselves visible. 2.8.2 The identification tag must: a) have a border of prominent red hatchings on both sides and be visible at all times; b) have minimum dimensions of 148 mm × 210 mm; and c) be legibly marked with the primary and subsidiary hazard class(es) or division(s) numbers of such dangerous goods. 2.8.3 When placed inside a protective tag holder, the information on the identification tag must be legible and visible. 2.8.4 If the unit load device contains packages bearing the "Cargo aircraft only" label, either that label must be visible or the identification tag must indicate that the unit load device can be loaded only on a cargo aircraft. 2.8.5 The identification tag must be removed from the unit load device immediately after the dangerous goods have been unloaded.

High consequence dangerous goods are those which have the potential for misuse in a terrorist event and which may, as a result, produce serious consequences such as mass casualties, mass destruction or, particularly for Class 7, mass socio-economic disruption.

DANGEROUS GOODS SECURITY Note 1. - This Chapter addresses the security responsibilities of operators, shippers and others involved in the transport of dangerous goods aboard aircraft. It should be noted that Annex 17 - Security, provides comprehensive requirements for implementation of security measures by States to prevent unlawful interference with civil aviation or when such interference has been committed. In addition, the Aviation Security Manual (Doc 8973 - Restricted) provides procedures and guidance on aspects of aviation security and is intended to assist States in the implementation of their respective national civil aviation security programmes. The requirements in this Chapter are intended to supplement the requirements of Annex 17 and to implement measures to be taken to minimize theft or misuse of dangerous goods that may endanger persons or property. The provisions of this Chapter do not supersede requirements of Annex 17 or the Aviation Security Manual. Note 2. - In addition to the security provisions of these Instructions, appropriate national authorities may implement further security provisions for reasons other than safety of dangerous goods during transport. In order to not impede international and multimodal transport by different explosives security marks, it is recommended that such marks be formatted consistent with an internationally harmonized standard (e.g. European Union Commission Directive 2008/43/EC).

5.1 GENERAL SECURITY PROVISIONS 5.1.1 All persons engaged in the transport of dangerous goods should consider security requirements for the dangerous goods commensurate with their responsibilities. 5.1.2 Dangerous goods should only be offered to operators that have been appropriately identified. 5.1.3 The provisions of this chapter do not apply to: a) UN 2908 and UN 2909 excepted packages; b) UN 2910 and UN 2911 excepted packages with an activity level not exceeding the A2 value; and c) UN 2912 LSA-I and UN 2913 SCO-I.

5.2 DANGEROUS GOODS SECURITY TRAINING 5.2.1 The training specified in 1;4.2 should include elements of security awareness. 5.2.2 Security awareness training should address the nature of security risks recognizing security risks methods to address and reduce such risks and actions to be taken in the event of a security breach. It should include awareness of security plans (if appropriate) commensurate with the responsibilities of individuals and their part in implementing security plans. Note. - Persons that have received security training in accordance with the requirements of a National Security Plan or other security requirements that fulfil the elements of 5.2.2 need not receive additional training. 5.2.3 Such training should be provided or verified upon employment in a position involving dangerous goods transport. Recurrent training should take place within 24 months of previous training to ensure knowledge is current. 5.2.4 Records of all dangerous goods security training undertaken should be kept by the employer and made available to the employee or appropriate national authority, upon request. Records should be kept by the employer for a period of time established by the appropriate national authority.

5.3 Provisions for high consequence dangerous goods 5.3.1 Definition of high consequence dangerous goods 5.3.1.1 High consequence dangerous goods are those which have the potential for misuse in a terrorist event and which may, as a result, produce serious consequences such as mass casualties, mass destruction or, particularly for Class 7, mass socio-economic disruption. 5.3.1.2 An indicative list of high consequence dangerous goods in classes and divisions other than Class 7 is given in Table 1-5. Table 1-5. Indicative list of high consequence dangerous goods Class 1 Division 1.1 explosives Class 1 Division 1.2 explosives Class 1 Division 1.3 compatability group C explosives Class 1 Division 1.4 UN Nos. 0104, 0237, 0255, 0267, 0289, 0361, 0365, 0366, 0440, 0441, 0455, 0456, 0500, 0512 and 0513 Class 1 Division 1.5 explosives Class 1 Division 1.6 explosives Division 2.3 toxic gases (excluding aerosols) Class 3 desensitized explosives Class 4.1 desensitized explosives Division 6.1 substances of Packing Group I; except when transported under the excepted quantity provisions in 1;2.4 Division 6.2 infectious substances of Category A (UN Nos. 2814 and 2900) and medical waste of Category A (UN 3549) 5.3.1.3 For dangerous goods of Class 7, high consequence radioactive material is that with an activity equal to or greater than a transport security threshold of 3 000 A2 per single package (see also 2;7.2.2.1) except for the following radionuclides where the transport security threshold is given in Table 1-6 below. 5.3.1.4 For mixtures of radionuclides, determination of whether or not the transport security threshold has been met or exceeded can be calculated by summing the ratios of activity present for each radionuclide divided by the transport security threshold for that radionuclide. If the sum of the fractions is less than 1, then the radioactivity threshold for the mixture has not been met nor exceeded. This calculation can be made with the formula: SUM i((Ai/Ti) < 1 Where: Ai = activity of radionuclide i that is present in a package (TBq) Ti = transport security threshold for radionuclide i (TBq). 5.3.1.5 When radioactive material possess subsidiary hazards of other classes or divisions, the criteria of Table 1-5 should also be taken into account (see also 1;6.5).

5.4 SECURITY PLANS 5.4.1 Operators, shippers and others (including infrastructure managers) engaged in the transport of high consequence dangerous goods (see 5.3.1) should adopt, implement and comply with a security plan that addresses at least the elements specified in 5.4.2. Note. - When national authorities issue exemptions, they should consider all of the provisions in this Chapter. 5.4.2 The security plan should comprise at least the following elements: a) specific allocation of responsibilities for security to competent and qualified persons with appropriate authority to carry out their responsibilities; b) records of dangerous goods or types of dangerous goods transported; c) review of current operations and assessment of vulnerabilities, including inter-modal transfer temporary transit storage, handling and distribution as appropriate; d) clear statement of measures including training policies (including response to higher threat conditions new employee/employment verifications etc.) operating practices (e.g. access to dangerous goods in temporary storage proximity to vulnerable infrastructure etc), equipment and resources that are to be used to reduce security risks; e) effective and up-to-date procedures for reporting and dealing with security threats, breaches of security or security incidents; f) procedures for the evaluation and testing of security plans and procedures for periodic review and update of the plans; g) measures to ensure the security of transport information contained in the plan; and h) measures to ensure that the security of the distribution of transport documentation is limited as far as possible, (such measures must not preclude provision of the transport documentation required by Part 5, Chapter 4 of these instructions). Note. - Operators, shippers and others with responsibilities for the safe and secure transport of dangerous goods should cooperate with each other and with appropriate authorities to exchange threat information, apply appropriate security measures and respond to security incidents.